@@ -160,11 +160,12 @@ A fallacy of relevance is one where the premises are totally irrelevant to the c
_Have you stopped lying to the IRS?_
If someone answers "yes" it implies that they used to lie to the IRS and have now stopped. Answering no implies that they are still lying to the IRS. The two obvious questions this conceals are "_Have you lied to the IRS?_" and "_If so, have you stopped?_"
21.**False dichotomy** -- the presentation of alternatives as if they are the only ones available and asking for a choice between them.
17.**False dichotomy** -- the presentation of alternatives as if they are the only ones available and asking for a choice between them.
_Either you buy American or you are not a loyal American. Yesterday you bought a new Nissan. Therefore you are not a loyal American._
17.**Suppressed evidence** -- not mentioning evidence that could lead to a much different conclusion.
18.**Suppressed evidence** -- not mentioning evidence that could lead to a much different conclusion.
_Herbal supplements are almost always safe. Therefore just go ahead and take the ones you need._
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@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ A fallacy of relevance is one where the premises are totally irrelevant to the c
_There is no consensus on the age of the Earth because, on one hand, geologists say it is billions of years old and on the other biblical scholars say it is only thousands of years old._
18.**Equivocation** -- When a word (or phrase) is used in two different senses and an improper conclusion is drawn as a result.
19.**Equivocation** -- When a word (or phrase) is used in two different senses and an improper conclusion is drawn as a result.
_The constitution gives us the right to bear arms. Therefore I can carry my AR-15 to class with me everyday._
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@@ -182,7 +183,7 @@ A fallacy of relevance is one where the premises are totally irrelevant to the c
_We have a duty to do what is right. We have a right to consume alcohol. Therefore we have a duty to consume alcohol._
19.**Amphiboly** -- an ambiguity arising from punctuation or grammar leading to the wrong conclusion.
20.**Amphiboly** -- an ambiguity arising from punctuation or grammar leading to the wrong conclusion.
_Oscar Pistorius shot his girlfriend in the bathroom._
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@@ -198,13 +199,13 @@ A fallacy of relevance is one where the premises are totally irrelevant to the c
_Trump, in his will, is leaving Mar a Lago to Don Jr., Trump tower to Eric, and Bedminster golf course to Ivanka._
20.**Composition** -- the erroneous conclusion that if the parts have an attribute, then the whole has the same attribute.
21.**Composition** -- the erroneous conclusion that if the parts have an attribute, then the whole has the same attribute.
_Desirable economic growth results when there is low unemployment and low inflation. Therefore we want low economic growth._
_Sodium and chlorine are both deadly poisons. Salt is made up of sodium and chlorine. Therefore salt is a deadly poison._
21.**Division** -- the opposite of composition, where a statement about the whole is taken to be the same for the parts.
22.**Division** -- the opposite of composition, where a statement about the whole is taken to be the same for the parts.
_The Nixon administration was composed of a bunch of crooks. Therefore Henry, Nixon's White House chef, was a crook._
